Internal-combustion engine



E. T. KERSHAW. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR 1,4'919.

Patented June 8, 1920.-

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Edwin E's haw 3 11mm! E. T. KERSHAW. FNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.APPLICATION FILED MAR. 11, 1919.

Patented June '8, 1920.

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EDWIN T. KERSHAW, OF DENVER, COLORADO, .ASSIGNOR TO THE HUNTER GASENGINE AND DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

INTERNAL-(IQMBUfiTION ENGINE.

To cllwhom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, EDWIN T. Knnsi-mw, a citizen of the United States,residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in InternaLCombustionEngines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and moreparticularly to that type of engines of the two-cycle or double stroketype.

It is one of the objects of the present invention especially to improvethe construction of engines of that type in which there is mountedwithin the piston, but independently thereof, a compression or abutmentmember and between which and the tubular piston there is formed acompression space in which a charge of combustible fuel is compressedwhen the piston is in its lowermost position. Particularly it is anobject of the present invention to improve the means for admitting thecombustible charge into the compression space between the tubular pistonand the abutment head and to facilitate the discharge of the compressedcombustible fuel into the combustion chamber to increase the efliciencyof the engine by improving the scavenging action as the gases or fuelare in troduced. A further object of the invention is to provide, incombination with a moving member or piston, a head structure on which ismounted an inlet valve designed to be posi tively actuated when thepiston is in its lowermost position so as to release a compressed chargeof fuel into the combustion chamber, and, further. to so design theparts that the burnt fuel and residue gases are discharged rapidly fromthe combustion ch amber and yet with a minimum loss of the newlyintroduced combustible .or fresh charge.

With the above and other objects in view as will be readily manifest tothose versed in the art, the invention consists in the combination, theconstruction, and in details and arrangements of the parts as are moreparticularly hereinafter described relative to Specification of LettersPatent.

Patented June 8, 1920.

Application filed March 11, 1919. Serial No. 282,030.

to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section throughthe upper portion of a single cylinder motor,

Fig. 2 is a central view with the piston in its lowermost orcharge-compressing position,

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of the upper portion of the improvedpiston; and

Fig. 4 is a planview of the elements in Fig. 3.

The invention asshown is embodied in a type comprising a suitableexterior casing or cylinder 2, shown as mounted upon a portion of thecrank casing 3, the cylinder having a removable head a (omitted fromFig. 2); Fixedly mounted on the casing is a transverse bar or othersuitable support 5, extending. diametrically across the casing 2 andpassing through diametrically opposite slots 6 (indicated in dottedlines) in a piston 7 which reciprocates in the casing 2 and is ,slidablyfitted upon a cup or compression element 8, the base of which is securedby suitable means to the transverse bar or support 5 thereof. The upperend of the piston 7 is provided with a removable head 9 appropriatelyheld in position on the piston,

and one side of which is provided with an upwardly proyectm'g andarcuate deflector 10,

designed to divert an incoming fresh charge of gas and to directoutwardly through an exhaust port 11 the burnt gases in the com bustionchamber above the head 9 of the piston.

One of the important features of the present invention resides in theprovision of means for releasing a compressed charge of .fuel which isadmltted through the casing 2 and the piston 7 and into the cup-shapedcompression member 8, by coordinating ports 12, 12 in these members,when the same are in the position clearly illustrated in Fig. 1.

In the present case the means for controlling the admission of thecompressed fuel into the combustion chamber is shown as comprising avalve 13, having a stem 14 ex tending downwardly through the head 9 andinto the piston-7, the valve adapted to seat when closed, upon a bushing14; (Fig. 3), and is normally maintained in its closed position by anextension spring 15, resting against one end of the bushing 14:, and aspring seat or collar 16 fastened upon the stem 14'.

In operation of the parts, when the piston 7 is moved upwardly to theposition shown in Fig. 1, a quantity of fresh combustible mixture istaken through the inlet ports 12,

12, when these are registered, and on the downward stroke of the piston7 to the position shown in Fig. 2, the charge is compressed in thecompression space between the head 9 of the piston 7 and the cup-shapedcompression element 8, and when the piston reaches its lowermostposition, the end of the stem 14 engages an adjacent portion (as at 5,Fig. 2) of the transverse wall of the member 8, and this causes thevalve to be lifted from the seat 14 and the compressed fuel chargeadmitted into the combustion chamber. Preferably the inlet valve 13 isarranged adjacent to the upper surface of the head 9 and within the arcof the curve or arcuato face of the deflectorl 0, so that an incomingvapor charge is directed vertically upward into the combustionchamber toassist in scavenging the burnt gases as the piston opens the exhaustport 11.

Fromthe above it will be seen that the usual lateral by-pass or outletports from the compression chamber and through the casing to thecombustion chamber have been eliminated, and a simple and practicableform of automatically controlled and quickly acting valve has beenutilized.

It will be understood that the particular method or means of supportingthe compression head or member within the piston is no part of thepresent invention, and that so far as the present'invention is concernedthe said compression head or member may be mounted or supported withinthe piston in any manner that may be found suitable and practicable.

What I claim is: 7

I 1. In an internal combustion motor having separate compression andcombustion chambers, the combination of a sleeve valve inlet into saidcompression chamber, a puppet valve between said chambers, and a membersurrounding the compression cham ber performing the dual function ofopening both said valves.

2. In an internal combustion motor having separate compression andcombustion chambers with a 'piston wall carrying a puppet valve betweensaid chambers, a sleeve valve inlet to said compression chamber, thesaid sleeve valve comprising an extension of' said piston wall togetherwith an extension of the means for opening said puppet valve. i

3, In an internal combustion motor having separate compression andcombustion chambers separated by a piston wall and a sleeve valve inletinto said compression chamber, a cup-shaped piston head telescoping anopposed cup-shaped sleeve valve member, the two cups apertured toproduce the said sleeve valve, and the piston head cup apertured for apuppet valve.

4. In an internal combustion motor having combustion and compressionchambers separated by a piston wall carrying a puppet valve between saidchambers and extended to'form apart of a sleeve valve into thecompression chamber, a telescoping member of said sleeve valve operativeof said puppet valve.

5. In an internal combustion motor having compression and combustionchambers separated by a piston wall carrying a puppet valve, the saidpiston wall extended into said combustion chamber as a baffle and alsoextended into said compression chamberas a member of a slide valve inletinto saidcompression chamber, said wall recessed in said compressionchamber in contour conforming to said bafiie.

6. In an internal combustion motor having compression and combustionchambers separated by a piston wall carryinga puppet valve in itscombustion chamber, the said wall extended cup-shaped to telescope withan interior fixed cup, the two said cups operative to perform the triplefunction of forming the compression chamber forming a sleeve valve andopening the puppetvalve.

.7. In an internal combustion engine having separate compression andcombustion chambers, a piston performing the five functions ofseparating said chambers, of carrying a valve governing the fuel supplybetween said chambers, of a baflle in the combustion chamber, of forminga side wall to said compression chamber, and of forming a member of asleeve valve inlet into said compression chamber. p

8. In an internal combustion engine having separate combustion andcompression chambers, a piston wall separating said chambers andextended to form the .side walls of the compression chambers'and alsoextended to form a bafl'le into the combustion chamber and telescopingwith an opposed cup-shaped member to form a complete compressionchamber. 7

9. In an internalcombustion engine, the combination of triple telescopedcups, the outer of said cups forming the head and walls of an explosionchamber, the inmost of said cups forming walls and the head of acompression chamber and theintermediate cup perforated for a valve andforming complementary walls of the said compression chamber and actionalso as a-piston.

10. In an internalcombustion motor hav ing a piston between itscompression and combustion chambers, a triple Wall sleeve valve inlet tothe compression chamber, a cup forming one of said Walls of said valveforming also a piston head.

11. In an internal combustion engine having a separate compressionchamber, composed of opposed telescoping cups; a puppet valve outlet tosaid compression chamber, said puppet valve operable by the closing of10 said cups.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

EDWIN T. KERSHAW.

